What is a Telescope?
A telescope is a looking device designed to make distant objects appear closer. It contains an arrangement of lenses or curved mirrors and lenses.
Radio Telescope
A radio telescope is large in size as it collects the long radio waves. These can be used on Earth, however the atmosphere makes the picked up image blurry. These are used to study the naturally occurring radio emissions from stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects. Due to the high amount of radiation, these radio observatories are generally placed away from populated locations.
Infra-red Telescope
Infra-red telescopes detect a lower energy than the visible light so they are easily emitted by cooler objects. They are most of the time placed on mountains as this reduces the amount of fuzziness from the low lying water vapor. These telescopes can pick up the galaxies far away from us, cooler stars and planetary nebula which emit infra-red light.
Optical Telescope
There are two types of optical telescopes, reflection and refraction. We can use these on Earth to look into space or from space to look down on Earth or planetary objects. These view stars, galaxies and planetary nebula which emits visible light.
Ultraviolet Telescope
Since the atmosphere protects us from certain wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation, these telescopes need to be positioned outside the atmosphere and are launched out of it into orbit by rockets. Ultraviolet radiation is emitted by the sun, other stars and galaxies.
X-ray Telescope
X-ray telescopes must be placed very high in the atmosphere or space as most of these short wavelengths can not make it through the atmosphere. X-rays are emitted by dwarf stars, the moon and galaxy clusters.
Gamma ray Telescope
Gamma ray telescopes are placed well out of the atmosphere to pick up the high energy high frequency waves. These rays are emitted by high energy celestial bodies such as supernova, black hole and neutron stars.
Bibliography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescope
http://www.nrao.edu/index.php/learn/radioastronomy/radiotelescopes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_telescope
http://www.nrao.edu/index.php/learn/radioastronomy/radiotelescopes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_telescope